Superior vena cava syndrome svcs, is a group of symptoms caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava svc, a short, wide vessel carrying circulating blood into the heart. Diagnosis could be confirmed in 17 cases as one child succumbed to severe respiratory distress without a. Six years experience with spiral vein graft for obstruction of superior vena cava due to benign and malignant disease. Urgencias en pacientes oncologicos pediatricos scielo uruguay. Diagnosis could be confirmed in 17 cases as one child.
However, in last decades benign causes such as thrombosis related to venous access colocation have been described. Superior vena cava syndrome in a person with bronchogenic carcinoma. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava svc. We report a 49 years old woman with a multiple myeloma that was admitted due to a superior vena cava syndrome caused by a central venous catheter used for chemotherapy for 20 weeks. We describe the case of a 45yearold male who was admitted with clinical signs of superior vena cava syndrome svcs. However, emergencies in connection with the disease itself or complications arising from the treatment imply a high morbimortality. Superior vena cava syndrome mediastinal syndrome other names. Bypass of superior vena cava obstruction using spiral vein graft. What every emergency physician needs to know about superior vena cava. History tells that in the 18th century, syphilis and tuberculosis were responsible for 40% of the known cases.
Prognostic valve of the superior vena cava syndrome as the presenting sing of small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the lung. Superior vena cava syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms due to superior vena cava obstruction. The treatment of superior vena cava syndrome is usually oriented to the underlying cause, that can be too slow in emergency cases. E ologic considera ons in superior vena cava syndrome. Since some malignancies causing superior vena cava syndrome svcs are only sensitive to a specific treatment regimen, it is crucial to. There is an exuberant collateral venous circulation on thorax characterized by. Svcs is a significant disorder affecting up to 10 % of small cell lung cancer sclc patients and 24 %. Superior vena cava syndrome in infancy is an unusual complication of the use of central venous catheters in neonatal intensive care unit. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site.
The case of a woman who had facial and neck inflammation and jugular ingurgitation is described. Urgencias oncologicas en pediatria pediatria integral. Superior vena cava syndrome lung cancer is now the main cause of blood flow obstruction in the superior vena cava and of its clinical manifestations. Other causes of this syndrome in children are surgery for congenital heart disease which accounts for most of the cases, and lymphomas, that constitute the second most common cause of obstruction. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs, a clinical manifestation arising from compression of the thinwalled superior vena cava svc, was first described by william hunter in 1757 and can be caused by a variety malignancies hunter and johnston 1757. The superior vena cava syndrome svcs involves a group of symptoms deriving from obstruction or compression of the superior vena cava. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed a mass in right atrium, which originated in thesuperior vena cava, and was con. They are connected by a rich network of smaller venous plexuses that are normally not or only barely opacified on chest ct. By definition it is the extrinsic or intrinsic obstruction of the superior vena cava. It is a medical emergency and most often manifests in patients with a malignant disease process within the thorax. Superior vena cava syndrome new england journal of medicine, 3711142 6. E ology and outcome of superior vena cava svc obstruc on in adults. Superior vena cava obstruction in smail cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Mar 27, 2020 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is obstruction of blood flow through the superior vena cava svc.
Feb 29, 2016 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is a relatively common sequela of mediastinal malignancies and may cause significant patient distress. Since its first description in 1757, the superior vena cava syndrome has been a challenge for the clinician. Abstract we studied a 57 yearold patient of black complexion, with swelling of the lower. Svcs is a medical emergency if associated with laryngeal or cerebral edema. Superior vena cava syndrome svcs is rare in childhood.
May 01, 2008 superior vena cava syndrome svcs is rare in childhood. Mediastinal tumor, superior vena cava, diagnosis, treatment. Vena cava syndrome intracardiac mass right atrium echocardiography pancreatic cancer a b s t r a c t we report acase of76 yearold man who presented with superior vena cava syndrome 2448hours duration. On superior vena cava thrombosis the blood flow diverts into this network of collateral channels. The brachiocephalic veins, superior vena cava and azygoshemiazygos system drain the upper extremities and the head and neck. Other causes of this syndrome in children are surgery for congenital heart disease which accounts for most of the cases, and lymphomas, that constitute the second most. Review of evolving etiologies, implications and treatment. Pdf superior vena cava syndrome in thoracic malignancies. Malignant causes represents the majority of all cases of svcs. The superior vena cava syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by damage to the blood stream to the right auricle. Mediastinal malignancies are a commonly identified etiology in superior vena cava syndrome svcs, and despite the known management of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of both, this. Seminoma with bronchial involvement and superior vena cava.
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